Antiques can last for many centuries, even millennia, provided they are cared for correctly.
That care involves two steps. The first is minimizing or eliminating conditions that can lead to
damage. We call that step "Eliminating Causes of Damage". The second is exercising the correct methods of cleaning and preservation. We call that step "Cleaning." We explain the do's and don'ts of each step.
Antique Furniture and Wooden Objects
Over the last century, the style of decoration, even in the most opulent settings, has moved away
from a "museum" look, and moved toward one of comfort and livability. That means fine antiques
are more than just objects of great beauty, they're functional pieces of furniture as well. Like writing desks,
cabinets, chests, and chairs. This duality of purpose creates a formidable challenge for the owner.
Following these guidelines will afford you the luxury of daily use - without the worry.
Handling
Careless handling is the number one cause of damage. When you move a piece of furniture, remove
watches, belts with buckles, rings, and other pieces of jewelry. Be careful of clothing with metal buttons.
Always grasp furniture at its sturdiest point. Hold chairs at the seat, not the back. Grasp chests and desks from the lowest part of the frame - never the top surface. Never drag or tilt a piece of furniture.
Protect the surfaces of your furniture. If you cover the top with glass, make sure you use felt
or tabs between the glass and the surface, preventing the glass from sticking to the surface.
Sun and Light
It's not just direct sunlight that damages furniture, but strong indirect light as well. Fading happens quickly.
You'll find that roller blinds cut out the sun's rays without making the room dark. Mini-blinds, curtains, and shades, however, are the best.
Temperature and Humidity
Wood is porous, and absorbs water when the humidity is high. Conversely, wood shrinks in dry environments, which leads to structural cracks, peeling veneer and inlays, weakness in joints, and more. Fluctuations in temperature and humidity can also cause damage. So, keep furniture away from heaters, air conditioners, vents, and fireplaces. Humidifiers, or dehumidifiers, while not always practical, provide the protection your furniture may need.
Recommended temperature and humidity levels for furniture are as follows:
Winter: Temperature= 70 degrees F (Humidity= 35%-45%)
Summer: Temperature= 70-75 degrees F (Humidity = 55%-65%)
Pests
Examine your furniture for pests such as carpet beetles, wood worms, and powder post beetles. Check
for pests once a year, especially the underside of legs and drawers. If you find pests, deal with them immediately. Today there are many good treatments you can buy from specialists. Or, call a professional.
Cleaning
It's important to remember that the patina is part of the beauty, character, and value of any antique. Protecting that patina is paramount. If you find a stain too difficult to remove by one of the following methods, seek the advice of a professional.
- The first step in cleaning is to remove the dust. A super soft brush, or lint-free rag is perfect.
- If wet cleaning becomes necessary - and the finish is in good condition - use a 1% detergent in
water solution. Gently apply with a damp - not wet - cloth or chamois.
NOTE: Never apply even a damp cloth to rough or unfinished surfaces.
- Remove residual detergent with distilled water.
- Polish, using the methods listed below.
Polishing
- Make sure the surface is completely dry. Be sure to dust immediately before waxing.
- Apply a thin layer of high quality paste wax - like Harrels - with a soft brush or cloth.
- Allow to dry for 15 minutes
- Buff lightly with a soft natural boar bristle shoe brush or soft lint-free cloth.
NOTE: You should wax only once a year to prevent build-up. If the surface dulls, simply
re-buff with the brush or rag. The luster will fully return. Remember, dust often.
CAUTION: Many commercial polishes, especially the sprays, contain tung oil
or silicon. These are dangerous to use on wood surfaces. They can darken
the finish, or even make it opaque - and the damage is irreparable.